Sunday, September 30, 2012

UBC Thunderbirds on CiTR Sports

Posted in September 29, 2012 ? 4:45 pmh.Sports Director

Saturday, September 29

Canada West Conference

UBC Thunderbirds (1W-4L) 29?10 Alberta Golden Bears (0W-5L)
Final | Venue: Foote Field, University of Alberta

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How is a Kindle like a cuttlefish? Parallels between e-Paper technology and biological organisms that change color

ScienceDaily (Sep. 26, 2012) ? Over millions of years, biological organisms -- from the chameleon and cuttlefish to the octopus and squid -- have developed color-changing abilities for adaptive concealment (e.g., camouflage) and communication signaling (e.g., warning or mating cues).

Over the past two decades, humans have begun to develop sophisticated e-Paper technology in electronic devices that reflect and draw upon the ambient light around you to create multiple colors, contrast and diffusion to communicate text and images.

And given the more than 100 million years head start that evolution has provided to these animals and their cellular systems, it's not surprising that e-Paper devices lag behind in optical performance, especially color generation.

In an effort to close that gap, a multidisciplinary team led by University of Cincinnati researchers came out Sept. 26 with a paper that aims to help biologists who work with these color-changing creatures and engineers who work with e-Paper technology.

Authors are Eric Kreit, a recent doctoral graduate in UC's College of Engineering and Applied Science (CEAS); Lydia M. M?thger and Roger T. Hanlon, research scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass.; Patrick B. Dennis and Rajesh R. Naik, scientists at the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base; Eric Forsythe, scientist at the Army Research Laboratory; and Jason Heikenfeld, associate professor of electronic and computing systems, also in the University of Cincinnati's College of Engineering and Applied Science (CEAS).

According to UC's Kreit, "Our main goals were threefold: To allow display engineers to learn from millions of years of natural selection and evolution. To teach biologists the most advanced mechanisms and performance measurements used in human-made reflective e-Paper and to give all scientists a clearer picture of the long-term prospects for capabilities such as adaptive concealment and what can be learned from now you see me, now you don't mechanisms."

Ways in Which Animals and Electronics Are Alike

One of the researchers' key findings is that there are numerous approaches to change the reflective color of a surface and that the highest-performance approaches developed by both humans and nature share some powerful common features. Both use pigment, and both change or achieve color expression by either spreading or compacting that pigment. Animals use muscle fiber to spread or compact pigment, and electronics make use of an electric field to do so.

However, even if the basic approach for color change is similar, humanity has never developed anything as complex or sophisticated as the biology and physics of cephalopod skin. (Cephalopods are a diverse ocean group and include 700 species of cuttlefish, squid and octopus -- and are the acknowledged masters of color change on the planet).

According to Heikenfeld, "The highest performance human-made approaches have been only recently developed, well after numerous other approaches were tried. Perhaps in the past, if we had more closely trusted nature's ability to find the best solution, we would be further along today in creating better display technology."

Animals Are Efficient Users of Available Light

Biological organisms that change color are very efficient at using available light. The animal's skin either reflects light to achieve a bright-color effect or absorbs light to achieve stunning, multi-colored effects.

In their use of available light, the biological organisms are more efficient than electronic devices, which generally require large amounts of electric power to generate an internal/emissive light to generate bright color.

Said Roger Hanlon, "Cephalopod skin is exquisitely beautiful and radiant, and can be changed in milliseconds, all without generating any intrinsic light from within the skin; there are elegant solutions from biology waiting to be translated to our consumer and industrial world."

In fact, overall, animals "outscore" synthetic devices when it comes to sophistication and integrated systems; required energy use for color change; size scalability (cephalopods' adaptive coloration works over a wide range of sizes in the organisms' class -- from small-size cuttlefish to large-size octopus and squid); and surface texture (cephalopods can selectively adapt or "crinkle" their skins to match a variety of three-dimensional textures, which provides additional light scattering and shadowing).

Electronic Devices Achieve Colors Faster and Achieve More Colors

Human-developed technology is far superior to cephalopods or other color-adapting animals when it comes to speed. In other words, human-made electronics can achieve color and a color change faster than the response time of a biological organism.

In addition, synthetic devices can provide a greater range of colors and more efficient dark or black state. In other words, a device can achieve a black screen, but most biological organisms cannot achieve such darkened coloring. This is, in part, due to the fact that an organism like a marine animal generally has no reason, in terms of survival adaptation or signaling, to go to a dark or black state. Such an adaptation would actually make them more visible, not less, to predators.

This research was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory, National Science Foundation, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Army Research Laboratory, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Office of Naval Research.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Cincinnati. The original article was written by M.B. Reilly.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Eric Kreit, Lydia M. M?thger, Roger T. Hanlon, Patrick B. Dennis, Rajesh R. Naik, Eric Forsythe And Jason Heikenfeld. Biological vs. Electronic Adaptive Coloration: How Can One Inform the Other? The Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2012 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0601

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/2F6jqihqhnc/120926110114.htm

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ATF probes blast near U.S. House hopeful's Indiana home

Federal agents and local police are investigating an explosion outside Democratic congressional candidate Brendan Mullen's northern Indiana home.

Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents say the blast Monday afternoon in a newspaper box outside Mullen's home in Granger, Ind., is among four this week in the area eight miles northeast of South Bend. ATF Indiana spokesman Dave Coulson said Tuesday that nobody was hurt and investigators believe the four incidents may be connected.

Mullen spokesman Andy Reynolds says police are investigating a bottle that was placed inside the newspaper box. Reynolds says Mullen and some campaign staff were working from the house when they heard the explosion.

Mullen is running against Republican Jackie Walorski for the northern Indiana seat being vacated by Democratic Senate candidate Joe Donnelly.

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Source: http://gma.yahoo.com/atf-probes-blast-near-us-house-hopefuls-ind-203101185.html

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Tuesday, September 25, 2012

Asian shares lackluster as growth worries weigh

TOKYO (Reuters) - Asian shares edged lower on Tuesday after Germany's business confidence fell in September for a fifth consecutive month and Caterpillar Inc , the world's largest earth moving equipment maker, cut its earnings forecast, underscoring worries about slowing global growth.

Uncertainty about the bailout prospects for Greece and Spain, as the euro zone's three-year-long debt crisis rumbles on, also weighed on investors' risk appetite.

The MSCI index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan <.miapj0000pus> was choppy, caught in a plus 0.1 and minus 0.1 percent range.

Resources-reliant Australian shares <.axjo> eased 0.28 percent as a weaker outlook for industrial metals hurt sentiment, while Hong Kong <.hsi> and Shanghai <.ssec> shares were down 0.18 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively.

Oil, copper and gold rebounded from the previous day's losses while the euro also recovered as the dollar eased slightly. But the safe-haven yen firmed against the dollar.

"It's incredibly difficult to ascertain what fair prices are when central banks are completely distorting financial realities by just throwing money at problems and trying to squeeze growth out of awfully over-indebted private sectors and public sectors," said David Baran, co-founder of Tokyo-based hedge fund Symphony Financial Partners.

"That makes it very hard for investors to have confidence in what they are doing, and clearly that's why you are seeing a race to the safest perceived instruments," he said.

Tokyo's Nikkei average <.n225> edged up 0.3 percent in thin volume on the last day for getting on ownership rolls for mid-term dividends from many shares. <.t/>

"The dividend seekers are driving gains, and there are also some investors desperately trying to keep the benchmark above 9,000 before the end of the first half of the financial year on Friday," said Hideyuki Fukunaga, CEO of Investrust.

The German Ifo institute's monthly business sentiment index fell for a fifth successive month in September to its lowest level since early 2010, with the outlook component touching its worst level since May 2009.

"This lends support to the thesis that the weaker growth outlook is spreading to the EU core," Barclays Capital said in a note.

Citing weakness in the world economy, Caterpillar cut its 2015 earnings forecast, raising chances of weak guidance from other firms in the run up to the U.S. earnings reporting season.

WEAK FUNDAMENTALS

Markets had welcomed additional stimulus packages from the U.S. Federal Reserve and the Bank of Japan, as well as the European Central Bank's move aimed at easing the burden of heavily indebted euro zone states seeking aid.

But investors soon returned their focus back to the weak economic fundamentals which drove central banks into action in the first place.

Deputy finance ministers and central bankers of the Group of 20 wealthy and leading emerging nations agreed that central bank stimulus was not enough to fix the ailing global economy, and governments must increase their efforts to boost growth.

The International Monetary Fund's Managing Director Christine Lagarde said on Monday the IMF is set to cut its forecast for global growth next month when it updates its projections for the world economy. The IMF/World Bank meetings will be held in Tokyo on October 12-14.

The Bank of Japan's current account balance hit a record high of 44.21 trillion yen on Monday, as the bank further eased its already very loose policy last week.

But the accommodative stance has not weakened the yen, which traded at 77.83 yen, barely above Monday's one-week high against the dollar of 77.805, while the dollar has felt the Fed's easing effect, with U.S. Treasuries' yields inching lower.

The dollar index measured against a basket of key currencies <.dxy> was down 0.01 percent at 79.511.

The euro edged up 1 percent to $1.2944 but remained vulnerable as investors waited for Spain to present its draft budget plan for 2013 and unveil new structural reforms, as well as the results of stress tests on the country's banking sector.

Spain has come under renewed pressure from markets, and risks a downgrade of its sovereign debt rating to junk status by ratings agency Moody's, which is expected to announce its review soon. Madrid also faces a 27.5 billion euro ($35.52 billion)refinancing at the end of October.

Spain has not made clear whether or not it would seek an external sovereign bailout, and EU officials said Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy was not expected to do so before a regional election in his native Galicia on October 21.

Another typical safe-haven asset, gold, steadied to around $1,764.69 per ounce, after falling on Monday as investors took profits from the jump in prices to $1,787.20 per ounce on Friday, their highest since February 29.

U.S. crude rose 0.4 percent to $92.31 a barrel, while Brent added 0.3 percent to $110.15 as escalating tensions surrounding Iran offset concerns about weak demand in a still-fragile global economy.

London copper rose 0.6 percent to $8,231.50 a metric ton.

Asian credit markets softened slightly, pushing the spread on the iTraxx Asia ex-Japan investment-grade index wider by 2 basis points.

(Additional reporting by Sophie Knight in Tokyo; Editing by Simon Cameron-Moore)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/asian-shares-ease-growth-worries-weigh-003004014--finance.html

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